L. rhamnosus GG — The Anti-Inflammaging Probiotic

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) exerts its effects by modulating the gut microbiome and intestinal barrier integrity. In preclinical models, LGG colonisation has been shown to ameliorate inflammaging by activating the SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway, which enhances mitochondrial function and metabolic regulation. It also represses the expression of NF-κB, thereby reducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, LGG interacts with the host immune system to promote anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles.

Human trials of LGG primarily focus on gastrointestinal health, immunity, and cognitive function rather than lifespan extension. A 90-day randomised clinical trial in middle-aged and older adults found that LGG supplementation was associated with improved cognitive performance. A Phase I open-label study in healthy adults aged 65 and older confirmed that LGG is safe and well-tolerated, with no evidence of harm. No published human longevity trials exist.

10–20 billion CFU (1–2 × 10^10 CFU) per day is the most studied range in adults. Best taken with or shortly before a meal to improve survival through gastric acid. May be taken continuously or cycled.

Generally recognised as safe (GRAS) and well-tolerated in healthy adults. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating or gas may occur initially. Contraindicated in individuals with severe immunocompromise, short bowel syndrome, or central venous catheters due to a rare risk of bacteremia.

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