Luteolin — The Senolytic Flavonoid

Luteolin is a naturally occurring flavone that exerts senolytic and anti-aging effects primarily by modulating cellular senescence and oxidative stress. It disrupts the p16–CDK6 complex, a critical regulator of the cell cycle that maintains the senescent state, thereby promoting the clearance of senescent cells. Additionally, luteolin activates sirtuins (such as SIRT1 and SIRT3) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), while inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. It also suppresses the NF-κB pathway and the NLRP3 inflammasome, reducing the secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors and mitigating chronic systemic inflammation.

No published human longevity trials. Animal/in-vitro evidence only. Clinical trials in humans have primarily focused on its safety and potential efficacy in conditions like autism spectrum disorder, cognitive decline, and metabolic syndrome, rather than lifespan extension.

100–300 mg/day is the most commonly studied and supplemented range in humans. It is often taken in divided doses (e.g., 100 mg twice daily) to maintain blood levels. Formulations combining luteolin with liposomes or other flavonoids (like quercetin or rutin) are frequently used to improve its relatively poor oral bioavailability.

Luteolin is generally considered safe and well-tolerated at standard dietary and supplemental doses. High doses may cause mild gastrointestinal distress or temporarily increase irritability in some individuals, particularly children with autism spectrum disorders. It may interact with certain medications, including chemotherapeutic agents and drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, so caution is advised for patients on prescription medications or pregnant women.

Key Papers